 Theo Sandfort, Ph.D., is a Research Scientist at the HIV
Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, and is
Associate Professor of Clinical Sociomedical Sciences
(in Psychiatry), Columbia University. He joined
the Center in 2001. Before that he was Chairman of the
Interfaculty Department of Lesbian and Gay Studies at
Utrecht University, the Netherlands, and Director of the
Research Program "Diversity, Lifestyles and Health" at
the Netherlands Institute of Social Sexological
Research. He is a former President of the Dutch Society
of Sexology, and the International Academy of Sex
Research. He serves on the board of various academic
journals on sexuality. Dr.
Sandfort has engaged in numerous basic and applied
empirical investigations in the field of sexuality and
health. In terms of research methods he is skilled in
both quantitative and qualitative approaches. He was
involved in large as well as small-scale studies, aimed
at surveying sexual behavior and attitudes, identifying
determinants of health behavior, needs assessments,
evaluating mass media and small-scale health
interventions, and identifying the epidemiology of
mental disorders. In his applied research he enjoys
helping to identify basic research needs of professional
organizations and promoting the application of research
findings. His current research interests focus on sexual
health, sexual development, homosexuality, and emerging
LGBT communities. In promoting the understanding of
various health issues, his major aim is to contribute to
health and well being, especially in relation to
sexuality and sexual orientation.
EDUCATION
| Catholic University,
Nijmegen, Netherlands |
M.A. |
1979 |
Social Psychology |
| Utrecht University,
Utrecht, Netherlands |
Ph.D. |
1988 |
Social Sciences |
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
| 1977-1979 |
Student Assistant, Department of Social Psychology,
Catholic University, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
| 1980-1981 |
Research Assistant, Sociological Institute,
Utrecht University, Netherlands |
| 1981-1988 |
Research Assistant, Department of Clinical
Psychology and Personality Theory, Utrecht University |
| 1988-1989 |
Researcher, Interfaculty Department of Lesbian
and Gay Studies, Utrecht University |
| 1988-1993 |
Co-director of research programme social-scientific
AIDS research, Utrecht University |
| 1993-1997 |
Chair of Interfaculty Department of Lesbian
and Gay Studies, Utrecht University |
| 1996-2001 |
Director of research programme "Diversity,
lifestyles and health", Netherlands Institute of Social
Sexological Research, Utrecht, Netherlands |
| 1998-2001 |
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical
Psychology, Utrecht University |
| 2001-present |
Research Scientist, HIV Center for Clinical
and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute,
Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons,
Columbia University, New York, NY |
| 2001-present |
Associate Professor, Department of Sociomedical
Sciences, Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia
University, New York, NY |
| 2001-present |
Associate Professor of
Clinical Sociomedical Sciences (in Psychiatry),
Departments of Psychiatry and Sociomedical
Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of
Public Health, New York, NY |
| 2002-2003 |
President, International
Academy of Sex Research |
| 2002-present |
Fellow, American Psychological
Association |
| 2003-present |
Training Director, HIV Center
for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York
State Psychiatric Institute, Department of
Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY |
PUBLICATIONS
Vroome, E.M.M. de, Paalman, M.E.M., Dingelstad, A.A.M.,
Kolker, L., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Increase safe sex among
the young and nonmonogamous: knowledge, attitudes and behavior
regarding safe 'sex and condom use in The Netherlands from
1987 to 1993. Patient Education and Counseling,
24:279-288, 1994.
Wit, J.B.F. de, Teunis, N., Griensven, G.J.P. van, Sandfort,
Th.G.M.: Behavioral risk reduction strategies to prevent
HIV infection among homosexual men: A Grounded Theory Approach.
AIDS Education and Prevention, 6:493-505, 1994.
Bosga, M.B., VVit, J.B.F. de, Vroome, E.M.M. de, Houweling,
H., Schop, W., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Differences in perception
of risk for HIV infection with steady and non-steady partners
among homosexual men. AIDS Education and Prevention,
7:103-115, 1995.
Kerkhof, M.P.N., Zwart, 0. de, Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Dilemma
in HIV/AIDS prevention for gay men. In: D. Friedrich and
W. Heckmann (Eds.), AIDS in Europe The behavioural aspect.
Vol. 3: Frameworks of behaviour modification (pp. 179-184).
Berlin: Ed. Sigma, 1995.
Mulder, C.L., Antoni, M.H., Emmelkamp, P.M.G., Veugelers,
P.J., Sandfort, Th.G.M., Vijver, F.A.J.R. van de, Vries,
M.J. de: Psychosocial group intervention and the rate of
decline of immunological parameters in asymptomatic HIV
infected homosexual men. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics,
63:185-192, 1995.
Mulder, C.L., Vroome, E.M.M. de, Griensven, G.J.P.,
Antoni, M.H., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Distraction as a predictor
of the biological course of HIV 1 infection over a seven
year period in gay men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57:67,
1995.
Sandfort, Th.: AIDS in Europe The Behavioural Aspect:
Major findings and discussion. In D. Friedrich and W. Heckmann
(Eds.), AIDS in Europe The behavioural aspect. VoL 1: General
aspects (pp. 251-258). Berlin: Ed. Sigma, 1995.
Sandfort, Th.G.M.: HIV/AIDS prevention and the impact
of attitudes towards homosexuality and bisexuality. In
G. M. Herek and B. Greene (Eds.), AIDS, psychology, and
the lesbian and gay community (pp. 32-54). Thousand Oaks:
Sage, 1995.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Clement, U., Knobel, J., Keet, R.,
Vroome, E.M.M. de: Does coping with HIV infection affect
safer sexual behaviour? In D. Friedrich and W. Heckmann
(Eds.), AIDS in Europe The behavioural aspect. VoL 2: Risk
behaviour and its determinants (pp. 191-192). Berlin: Ed.
Sigma, 1995.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Clement, U., Knobel, J., Keet, R.,
Vroome, E.M.M. de: Sexualization in the coping process
of HIV infected gay men. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,
2: 220-226, 1995.
Vroome, E.M.M. de, Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Condom promotion
among gay men: The next step. In D. Friedrich and W. Heckmann
(Eds.), AIDS in Europe - The behavioural aspect. Vol, 3:
Frameworks of behaviour modification (pp. 193-199). Berlin:
Ed. Sigma, 1995.
Zwart, O. de, Kerkhof, M.P.N., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: The
structure and meanings of anal sex among gay men. In D.
Friedrich and W. Heckmann (Eds.), AIDS in Europe - The behavioural
aspect. Vol. 2: Risk behaviour and its determinants (pp.
107-114). Berlin: Ed. Sigma, 1995.
de Wit, J.B.F., Vroome, E.M.M. de, Sandfort, Th.G.M.,
Griensven, G.J.P. van: Homosexual encounters in different
venues. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 8:130-134,
1997.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Bos, H., Haavio-Mannila, E., Sundet,
J.M.: Sexual practices and their social profiles. In M.C.
Hubert, N. Bajos, Th.G.M. Sandfort (Eds.), Sexual behaviour
and HIV/AIDS in Europe (pp. 106-164). London: UCL Press,
1998.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Hubert, M.C. Bajos, N., Bos, H.:
Sexual behaviour and HIV risk: common patterns and differences
between European countries. In M.C. Hubert, N. Bajos, Th.G.M.
Sandfort (Eds.). Sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe
(pp. 403-426) N. London: UCL Press, 1998.
Vroome, E.M.M. de, VVit, J.B.F. de, Stroebe, W., Sandfort,
Th.G.M., Griensven, G.J.P van: Sexual behavior and depression
among HIV-positive gay men. AIDS and Behavior, 2:137-149,
1998.
Vroome, E.M.M. de, Kok, G.J., Jager, J.C., Tielman,
R.A.P., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: The adoption and maintenance
of safe sex in a national cohort of gay men in the Netherlands.
In Th.G.M. Sandfort (Ed.), The Dutch response to HIV. pragmatism
and consensus (pp. 246-261). London: UCL Press, 1998.
Zwart, O. de, Kerkhof, M.P.N., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Anal
sex and gay men: The challenge of HIV and beyond. Journal
of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 10:89-102, 1998.
Zwart, O. de, Kerkhof, M.P.N., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Anal
sex and gay men: The challenge of HIV and beyond. In M.T.
Wright, B.R.S. Rosser, & 0. De Zwart (Eds.), New International
Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men (pp
89-102). Bingham NY: Haworth Press, 1998.
Mulder, C.L., Vroome, E.M.M. de, Griensven, G.J.P.,
Antoni, M.H., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Avoidance as a predictor
of the biological course of HIV 1 infection over a seven
year period in gay men. Health Psychology, 18:107-113,
1999.
Wiessing, L.G., Houweling, H., Sandfort, Th.G.M., Schop,
W., Akker, R. van den, Hoogenveen, R.T.: Reaching homosexual
men for HIV surveillance through a gay magazine. European
Journal of Epidemiology, 15:429-437, 1999.
Bajos, N, Marquet, J., Huynen, P., Hubert, M., Sandfort,
T: Research on HIV sexual risk: Social relations based
approach in a cross cultural perspective. Social Science
and Medicine, 50:1533-1546, 2000.
Friedrich, W.N., Sandfort, Th.G.M., Oostveen, J., Cohen
Keftenis, P.T.: Cultural differences in sexual behavior:
2-6 year old Dutch and American children. Journal of Psychology
and Human Sexuality,12:117-128, 2000.
Hasselt, N. van, Vroome, E.M.M. de, Sandfort, Th.G.M.:
The public face of AIDS and STD control. STD Bulletin,
20:10-14, 2000.
Moatti, J.P., Souteyrand, Y., Prieur, A., Sandfort,
Th.G.M., Aggleton, P. (Eds): AIDS in Europe. New Challenges
for the Social Sciences. London: Routledge, 2000.
Sandfort, Th.: Homosexuality, psychology, and gay and
lesbian studies. In: Sandfort, Th., Schuyf, J., Duyvendak,
J.W., and Weeks, J. (Eds), Lesbian & Gay Studies: An Introductory,
Interdisciplinary Approach. London: Sage, 2000.
Sandfort, Th.: Safe sex. In T.F. Murphy (Ed.), Reader's
guide to lesbian and gay studies. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn,
2000.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Cohen Kettenis, P.T.: Sexual behavior
in Dutch and Belgian children as observed by their mothers.
Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 12:105-115,
2000.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Rademakers, J. (Eds): Childhood Sexuality.
Normal Sexual Behavior and Development. New York: Haworth
Press, 2000.
Schiltz, M.A., Sandfort, Th.G.M.: HIV positive people,
risk and sexual behaviour. Social Science and Medicine,
50:1571-1588, 2000.
de Wit, J.B.F., Stroebe, W, Vroome, E.M.M. de, Sandfort,
Th.G.M, Griensven, G.J.P. van: Understanding HIV preventive
behaviors with casual and primary partners in homosexual
men: The theory of planned behavior and the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Psychology & Health
, 15(3):325-340, 2000.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Graaf, R. de, Bijl, R.V., Schnabel,
P.: Sexual orientation and psychiatric disorders: Findings
from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence
Study NEMESIS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(1):85-91,
2001.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., and de Keizer, M.: Sexual
problems in gay men: An overview of empirical research.
Annual Review of Sex Research, 12:93-120, 2001.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., de Graaf, R., and Bijl, R.V.:
Same-sex sexuality and quality of life: Findings from
the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence
Study (NEMESIS). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32:15-22,
2003.
Dodge, B., Reece, M., Cole, S.L., and Sandfort,
Th.G.M.: Sexual compulsivity among heterosexual college
students. Journal of Sex Research, 41:343-350, 2004.
Sandfort, Th.G.M.: Studying sexual orientation
change: A methodological review of the Spitzer's Study,
"Can some gay men and lesbians change their sexual
orientation?" Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy,
7:15-29, 2004.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., and Ehrhardt, A.A.: Sexual
health: A useful public health paradigm or a moral
imperative? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 33:181-187,
2004.
Dodge, B., Sandfort, Th.G.M., Yarber, W.L., and de
Wit, J.B.F.: Sexual health across national cultures:
Male college students in the United States and the
Netherlands. American Journal of Health Behavior,
29:172-182, 2005.
Sandfort, Th. G. M.: Sexual orientation and gender:
Stereotypes and beyond. Archives of Sexual Behavior,
34(6): 595-611, 2005.
Bakker, F. C., Sandfort, Th. G.M., Vanwesenbeeck,
I., van Lindert, H., and Westert, G. P.: Use of health
care services higher for homosexuals and bisexuals than
for heterosexuals: Findings from a Dutch population
survey. Social Science & Medicine, 63:2022-2030, 2006.
de Graaf, R., Sandfort, Th. G. M., and ten Have, M.:
Suicidality and sexual orientation: Differences between
men and women in a general population-based sample of
adults in the Netherlands. Archives of Sexual Behavior,
37(3):253-26, 2006.
Sandfort, Th. G. M., Bakker, F., Schellevis, F.,
Vanwesenbeeck, I., and Van Lindert, H.: Sexual
orientation andmental and physical health status:
Findings from a Dutch population survey. American
Journal of Public Health,96(6):1119-1125, 2006.
Sandfort, Th.G.M., Bos, H., and Vet, R.: Lesbians
and gay men at work: Consequences of being out. In A.M.
Omoto, H.S., Kurtzman (Eds.), Sexual orientation,
mental health, and substance use: Contemporary
scientific perspectives (pp. 225-244). Washington DC:
APA. 2006. Bergen,
J. E. A. M. van, Kerssens, J. J., Schellevis, F. G.,
Sandfort, T. G., Coenen, T. J., & Bindels, P. J. (2006).
Prevalence of STI related consultations in
general practice: Results from the second Dutch National
Survey of General Practice. British
Journal of General Practice, 56(523),
104-109.
Bergen, J. E. A. M.
van, Kerssens, J. J., Schellevis, F. G., Sandfort, T.
G., Coenen, T. T., & Bindels, P. J. (2007).
Sexually transmitted infection health-care seeking
behaviour in the Netherlands: General practitioner
attends to the majority of sexually transmitted
infection consultations. International Journal of STD
& AIDS, 18, 374-379.
Sandfort, T. G. M., Melendez, R.
M., & Diaz, R. M. (2007). Gender nonconformity,
homophobia, and mental distress in Latino gay and
bisexual men. Journal of Sex Research, 44,
181-189.
Bos, H. M. W., Gartrell, N. K.,
Balen, F. van, Peyser, H., & Sandfort, T. G. M. (2008).
Children in planned lesbian families: A cross-cultural
comparison between the United States and the
Netherlands. Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(2),
211-219.
Bos, H. M. W., Sandfort, T. G. M.,
Bruyn, E. H. de, & Hakvoort, E. (2008). Same-sex
attraction, social relationships, psychosocial
functioning, and school performance in young
adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 44, 59-68.
Dodge, B., Jeffries, W., & Sandfort,
T. G. M. (2008). Beyond the down low: New findings on
sexual risk and disclosure among at-risk black men who
have sex with both men and women (MSMW). Archives of
Sexual Behavior, 37(5), 683-696.
Jeffries IV, W. L., Dodge, B., &
Sandfort, T. G. M. (2008). Religion and spirituality
among bisexual Black men in the USA. Culture, Health
and Sexuality, 10(5), 463–477.
Reddy, V., & Sandfort, T. G. M.
(2008). Researching MSM in South Africa: Some
preliminary notes from the frontlines of a hidden
epidemic. Feminist Africa, 11, 29-54.
Sandfort, T. G. M., & Dodge, B.
(2008) “… And then there was the down Low”: Introduction
to male Black and Latino bisexualities. Archives of
Sexual Behavior, 37(5), 675-682.
Sandfort, T. G. M., Nel, J., Rich,
E., Reddy, V., & Yi, H. (2008). HIV testing and
self-reported HIV status in South African MSM: Results
from a community-based survey. Sexually Transmitted
Infections, 84, 425–429.
Sandfort, T. G. M., Orr, M.,
Hirsch, J. S., & Santelli, J. (2008). Long-term health
consequences of timing of sexual initiation: Results
from a national U.S. study. American Journal of
Public Health, 98(1), 155-161.
Santelli, J., Sandfort, T., & Orr,
M. (2008). Transnational comparisons of adolescent
contraceptive use: What can we learn from these
comparisons? Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent
Medicine, 162(1), 92-94.
Books and Chapters (Selection)
Sandfort, Th. G. M., Brongersma,
E., & Naerssen, A. van. (Eds.) (1990). Male
intergenerational intimacy: Historical,
socio-psychological, and legal perspectives. New
York: Haworth Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (1991).
Bisexuality in the Netherlands; Some data from Dutch
studies. In R. A. P. Tielman, A. Hendriks & M. Carballo
(Eds.), Bisexuality and HIV/AIDS (pp. 73-80).
Buffalo: Prometheus.
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (1995).
HIV/AIDS prevention and the impact of attitudes towards
homosexuality and bisexuality. In G. M. Herek & B.
Greene (Eds.), AIDS, psychology, and the lesbian and
gay community (pp. 32-54). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (1997).
Sampling male homosexuality. In J. Bancroft (Ed.),
Researching sexual behavior: Methodological issues
(pp. 261-275). Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University
Press.
Hubert, M. C., Bajos, N., &
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (1998) (Eds.), Sexual behaviour
and HIV/AIDS in Europe. London: UCL Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (Ed.) (1998).
The Dutch response to HIV: Pragmatism and consensus.
London: UCL Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M. (1998).
Homosexual and bisexual behaviour in European countries.
In M. C. Hubert, N. Bajos & Th. G. M. Sandfort (Eds.),
Sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe (pp.
68-105). London: UCL Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M., Bos, H.,
Haavio-Mannila, E., & Sundet, J. M. (1998). Sexual
practices and their social profiles. In M. C. Hubert, N.
Bajos & Th. G. M. Sandfort (Eds.), Sexual behaviour
and HIV/AIDS in Europe (pp. 106-164). London: UCL
Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M., Hubert, M. C.
Bajos, N., & Bos, H. (1998). Sexual behaviour and HIV
risk: Common patterns and differences between European
countries. In M. C. Hubert, N. Bajos & Th. G. M.
Sandfort (Eds.), Sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS in
Europe (pp. 403-426). London: UCL Press.
Moatti, J. P., Souteyrand, Y.,
Prieur, A., Sandfort, Th. G. M., & Aggleton, P. (Eds.)
(2000). AIDS in Europe. New Challenges for the Social
Sciences. London: Routledge.
Sandfort, Th. G. M., & Rademakers,
J. (Eds.) (2000). Childhood Sexuality: Normal Sexual
Behavior and Development. New York: Haworth Press.
Sandfort, Th. G. M., Schuyf, J.,
Duyvendak, J. W., & Weeks, J. (Eds.) (2000). Lesbian
& Gay Studies: An Introductory, Interdisciplinary
Approach. London: Sage.
Štulhofer, A., & Sandfort Th. G. M.
(Eds.)(2005). Sexuality and gender in post-communist
Eastern Europe and Russia. Binghamton, NY: Haworth
Press.
Sandfort, T. G. M. (2006). Sexual
health. In S. S. Gorin & J. Arnold (Eds.), Health
promotion in practice (pp. 222-253). San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass.
Dodge, B., & Sandfort, T. G. M.
(2007). Mental health among bisexual individuals when
compared to homosexual and heterosexual individuals: An
introductory review. In B. A. Firestein (Ed.), Becoming
visible. Counseling bisexuals across the lifespan
(pp. 28-51). New York: Columbia University Press.
Reddy, V., Sandfort, T. G. M., &
Rispel, R. (Eds.) (2009), From social silence to
social science: Perspectives on same-sex sexuality,
gender and HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Pretoria: Human
Sciences Research Council.
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